fiba rule five - violations

Art. 22 Violations

22.1. Definition

A violation is an infraction of the rules.

22.2. Penalty

The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the place nearest to the infraction, except directly behind the backboard, unless otherwise stated in these rules.

Art. 23 Player out-of-bounds and ball out-of-bounds

23.1. Definition

23.1.1. A player is out-of-bounds when any part of his body is in contact with the floor, or any object other than a player above, on or outside the boundary line.

23.1.2. The ball is out-of-bounds when it touches:

• A player or any other person who is out-of-bounds.

• The floor or any object above, on or outside the boundary line.

• The backboard supports, the back of the backboards or any object above the playing court.

23.2. Rule

23.2.1. The ball is caused to go out-of-bounds by the last player to touch or be touched by the ball before it goes out-of-bounds, even if the ball then goes out-of-bounds by touching something other than a player.

23.2.2. If the ball is out-of-bounds because of touching or being touched by a player who is on or outside the boundary line, this player causes the ball to go out-of-bounds.

23.2.3. If a player(s) move(s) to out-of-bounds or to his backcourt during a held ball, a jump ball situation occurs.

Art. 24 Dribbling

24.1. Definition

24.1.1. A dribble is the movement of a live ball caused by a player in control of that ball who throws, taps, rolls or bounces the ball on the floor.

24.1.2. A dribble starts when a player, having gained control of a live ball on the playing court throws, taps, rolls or bounces it on the floor and touches it again before it touches another player.

A dribble ends when the player touches the ball with both hands simultaneously or permits the ball to come to rest in one or both hands.

During a dribble the ball may be thrown into the air provided the ball touches the floor or another player before the player who threw it touches it again with his hand.

There is no limit to the number of steps a player may take when the ball is not in contact with his hand.

24.1.3. A player who accidentally loses and then regains control of a live ball on the playing court is considered to be fumbling the ball.

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24.1.4. The following are not dribbles:

• Successive shots for a field goal.

• Fumbling the ball at the beginning or at the end of a dribble.

• Attempts to gain control of the ball by tapping it from the vicinity of other players.

• Tapping the ball from the control of another player.

• Deflecting a pass and gaining control of the ball.

• Tossing the ball from hand to hand and allowing it to come to rest in one or both hands before touching the floor, provided that no travelling violation is commit-ted.

• Throwing the ball against the backboard and regaining the control of the ball.

24.2. Rule

A player shall not dribble for a second time after his first dribble has ended unless between the 2 dribbles he has lost control of a live ball on the playing court because of:

• A shot for a field goal.

• A touch of the ball by an opponent.

• A pass or fumble that has touched or been touched by another player.

Art. 25 Travelling

25.1. Definition

25.1.1. Travelling is the illegal movement of one foot or both feet beyond the limits outlined in this article, in any direction, while holding a live ball on the playing court.

25.1.2. A pivot is the legal movement in which a player who is holding a live ball on the playing court steps once or more than once in any direction with the same foot, while the other foot, called the pivot foot, is kept at its point of contact with the floor.

25.2. Rule

25.2.1. Establishing a pivot foot by a player who catches a live ball on the playing court:

• A player who catches the ball while standing with both feet on the floor:

• The moment one foot is lifted, the other foot becomes the pivot foot.
• To start a dribble, the pivot foot may not be lifted before the ball is released from the hand(s).
• To pass or shoot for a field goal, the player may jump off a pivot foot, but neither foot may be returned to the floor before the ball is released from the hand(s).

• A player who catches the ball while he is progressing, or upon completion of a dribble, may take two steps in coming to a stop, passing or shooting the ball:
  • If, after receiving the ball, a player shall release the ball to start his dribble before his second step.
  • The first step occurs when one foot or both feet touch the floor after gaining control of the ball.
  • The second step occurs after the first step when the other foot touches the floor or both feet touch the floor simultaneously.
  • If the player who comes to a stop on his first step has both feet on the floor or they touch the floor simultaneously, he may pivot using either foot as his pivot foot. If he then jumps with both feet, no foot may return to the floor before the ball is released from the hand(s).

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• If a player lands with one foot he may only pivot using that foot.
  
  
• If a player jumps off one foot on the first step, he may land with both feet simultaneously for the second step. In this situation, the player may not pivot with either foot. If one foot or both feet then leave the floor, no foot may return to the floor before the ball is released from the hand(s).

• If both feet are off the floor and the player lands on both feet simultaneously, the moment one foot is lifted the other foot becomes the pivot foot.

• A player may not touch the floor consecutively with the same foot or both feet after ending his dribble or gaining control of the ball.

25.2.2. A player falling, lying or sitting on the floor:

• It is legal when a player falls and slides on the floor while holding the ball or, while lying or sitting on the floor, gains control of the ball.

• It is a violation if the player then rolls or attempts to stand up while holding the ball.

Art. 26 3 seconds

26.1. Rule

26.1.1. A player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area for more than 3 conse-cutive seconds while his team is in control of a live ball in the frontcourt and the game clock is running.

26.1.2. Allowances must be made for a player who:

• Makes an attempt to leave the restricted area.

• Is in the restricted area when he or his team-mate is in the act of shooting and the ball is leaving or has just left the player's hand(s) on the shot for a field goal.

• Dribbles in the restricted area to shoot for a field goal after having been there for less than 3 consecutive seconds.

26.1.3. To establish himself outside the restricted area, the player must place both feet on the floor outside the restricted area.

Art. 27 Closely guarded player

27.1. Definition

A player who is holding a live ball on the playing court is closely guarded when an opponent is in an active legal guarding position at a distance of no more than 1 m.

27.2. Rule

A closely guarded player must pass, shoot or dribble the ball within 5 seconds.

Art. 28 8 seconds

28.1. Rule

28.1.1. Whenever:

• A player in the backcourt gains control of a live ball, or

• On a throw-in, the ball touches or is legally touched by any player in the back-

court and the team of that player taking the throw-in remains in control of the ball in its backcourt,

that team must cause the ball to go into its frontcourt within 8 seconds.

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28.1.2. The team has caused the ball to go into its frontcourt whenever:

• The ball, not in control of any player, touches the frontcourt.

• The ball touches or is legally touched by an offensive player who has both feet completely in contact with his frontcourt.

• The ball touches or is legally touched by a defensive player who has part of his body in contact with his backcourt.

• The ball touches an official who has part of his body in contact with the frontcourt of the team in control of the ball.

• During a dribble from the backcourt to the frontcourt, the ball and both feet of the dribbler are completely in contact with the frontcourt.

28.1.3. The 8 second period shall continue with any time remaining when the same team that previously had control of the ball is awarded a throw-in in the backcourt, as a result of:

• A ball having gone out-of-bounds.

• A player of the same team having been injured.

• A technical foul committed by that team.

• A jump ball situation.

• A double foul.

• A cancellation of equal penalties against both teams.

Art. 29 24 seconds

29.1. Rule

29.1.1. Whenever:

• A player gains control of a live ball on the playing court,

• On a throw-in, the ball touches or is legally touched by any player on the playing court and the team of that player taking the throw-in remains in control of the

ball,

that team must attempt a shot for a field goal within 24 seconds.

To constitute a shot for a field goal within 24 seconds:

• The ball must leave the player's hand(s) before the shot clock signal sounds, and

• After the ball has left the player's hand(s), the ball must touch the ring or enter the basket.

29.1.2. When a shot for a field goal is attempted near the end of the 24-second period and the shot clock signal sounds while the ball is in the air:

• If the ball enters the basket, no violation has occurred, the signal shall be disregarded and the goal shall count.

• If the ball touches the ring but does not enter the basket, no violation has occurred, the signal shall be disregarded and the game shall continue.

• If the ball misses the ring, a violation has occurred. However, if the opponents gain immediate and clear control of the ball, the signal shall be disregarded and

the game shall continue.

When the backboard is equipped with yellow lighting along its perimeter at the top, the lighting takes precedence over the shot clock signal sound.

All restrictions related to goaltending and interference shall apply.

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29.2. Procedure

29.2.1. The shot clock shall be reset whenever the game is stopped by an official:

• For a foul or violation (not for the ball having gone out-of-bounds) by the team not in control of the ball,

• For any valid reason by the team not in control of the ball,

• For any valid reason not connected with either team.

In these situations, the possession of the ball shall be awarded to the same team that previously had control of the ball. If the throw-in is then administered in that team’s:

• Backcourt, the shot clock shall be reset to 24 seconds.

• Frontcourt, the shot clock shall be reset as follows:

• If 14 seconds or more are displayed on the shot clock at the time when the game was stopped, the shot clock shall not be reset, but shall continue from the time it was stopped.

• If 13 seconds or less are displayed on the shot clock at the time when the game was stopped, the shot clock shall be reset to 14 seconds.

However, if the game is stopped by an official for any valid reason not connected with either team and, in the judgement of an official, the reset of the shot clock would place the opponents at a disadvantage, the shot clock shall continue from the time it was stopped.

29.2.2. The shot clock shall be reset whenever a throw-in is awarded to the opponents’ team after the game is stopped by an official for a foul or violation (including for the ball having gone out-of-bounds) committed by the team in control of the ball.

The shot clock shall also be reset if the new offensive team is awarded a throw-in according to the alternating possession procedure.

If the throw-in is then administered in that team’s:

• Backcourt, the shot clock shall be reset to a new 24 seconds.

• Frontcourt, the shot clock shall be reset to 14 seconds.

29.2.3. When the game clock shows 2:00 minutes or less in the fourth quarter or overtime, following a time-out taken by the team that is entitled to the possession of the ball from its backcourt, the coach of that team has the right to decide whether the subsequent throw-in shall be administered from the throw-in line in the team’s frontcourt or from the team’s backcourt at the place nearest to where the ball was located when the game was stopped.

If the throw-in is then to be administered from the team’s frontcourt, the shot clock shall be reset as follows:

• If 14 seconds or more are displayed on the shot clock at the time when the game clock was stopped, the shot clock shall be reset to 14 seconds.

• If 13 seconds or less are displayed on the shot clock at the time when the game clock was stopped, the shot clock shall not be reset, but shall continue from the time it was stopped.

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If the throw-in is then to be administered from the team’s backcourt, the shot clock shall be reset as follows:

• If the team has a new control of the ball, or a foul or violation was called on the opponents’ team, the shot clock shall be reset to a new 24 seconds.

• If the team had control of the ball when the game was stopped, the shot clock shall continue from the time it was stopped.

29.2.4. When the team is awarded a throw-in from the throw-in line in the team’s frontcourt as part of the penalty for an unsportsmanlike or disqualifying foul, the shot clock shall be reset to 14 seconds.

29.2.5. After the ball has touched the ring of the opponents’ basket, the shot clock shall be reset to:

• 24 seconds, if the opponents’ team gains control of the ball.

• 14 seconds, if the team which regains control of the ball is the same team that was in control of the ball before the ball touched the ring.

29.2.6. If the shot clock signal sounds in error while a team has control of the ball or neither team has control of the ball, the signal shall be disregarded, and the game shall continue.

However, if in the judgement of an official, the team in control of the ball has been placed at a disadvantage, the game shall be stopped, the shot clock shall be correc-ted and possession of the ball shall be awarded to that team.

Art. 30 Ball returned to the backcourt

30.1. Definition

30.1.1. A team is in control of a live ball in its frontcourt when:

• A player of that team is touching his frontcourt with both feet while holding, catching or dribbling the ball in his frontcourt, or

• The ball is passed between the players of that team in its frontcourt.

30.1.2. A team in control of a live ball in the frontcourt has caused the ball to be illegally returned to its backcourt, if a player of that team is the last to touch the ball in his frontcourt and the ball is then first touched by a player of that team:

• Who has part of his body in contact with the backcourt, or

• After the ball has touched the backcourt of that team.

This restriction applies to all situations in a team's frontcourt, including throw-ins. However, it does not apply to a player who jumps from his frontcourt, establishes new team control while still airborne and then lands with the ball in his team’s backcourt.

30.2. Rule

A team which is in control of a live ball in its frontcourt may not cause the ball to be illegally returned to its backcourt.

30.3. Penalty

The ball shall be awarded to the opponents’ team for a throw-in in its frontcourt at the place nearest to the infraction except directly behind the backboard.

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Art. 31 Goaltending and Interference

31.1. Definition

31.1.1. A shot for a field goal or a free throw:

• Begins when the ball leaves the hand(s) of a player in the act of shooting.

• Ends when the ball:

• Enters the basket directly from above and remains within the basket or passes through the basket entirely.
• No longer has the possibility to enter the basket.
• Touches the ring.
• Touches the floor.
• Becomes dead.

31.2. Rule

31.2.1. Goaltending occurs during a shot for a field goal when a player touches the ball while it is completely above the level of the ring and:

• It is on its downward flight to the basket, or

• After it has touched the backboard.

31.2.2. Goaltending occurs during a shot for a free throw when a player touches the ball while it is in flight to the basket and before it touches the ring.

31.2.3. The goaltending restrictions apply until:

• The ball no longer has the possibility to enter the basket.

• The ball has touched the ring.

31.2.4. Interference occurs when:

• After a shot for a field goal or the last free throw a player touches the basket or the backboard while the ball is in contact with the ring.

• After a free throw followed by an additional free throw(s), a player touches the ball, the basket or the backboard while there is still a possibility that the ball will enter the basket.

• A player reaches through the basket from below and touches the ball.

• A defensive player touches the ball or the basket while the ball is within the basket, thus preventing the ball from passing through the basket.

• A player causes the basket to vibrate or grasps the basket in such a way that, in the judgement of an official, the ball has been prevented from entering the basket or has been caused to enter the basket.

• A player grasps the basket and plays the ball.

31.2.5. When:

• An official has blown his whistle while the ball was in the hands of a player in the act of shooting, or

• The ball was in flight on a shot for a field goal or on a last free throw, or

• The game clock signal has sounded for the end of the quarter or overtime,

no player shall touch the ball after it has touched the ring while it still has the possibility to enter the basket.

All restrictions related to goaltending and interference shall apply.

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31.3. Penalty

31.3.1. If the violation is committed by an offensive player, no points can be awarded. The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the free-throw line extended, unless otherwise stated in these rules.

31.3.2. If the violation is committed by a defensive player, the offensive team is awarded:

• 1 point, if the ball was released for a free throw.

• 2 points, if the ball was released from the 2-point field goal area.

• 3 points, if the ball was released from the 3-point field goal area.

The awarding of the points is considered as if the ball had entered the basket.

31.3.3. If the goaltending is committed by a defensive player during a last free throw, 1 point shall be awarded to the offensive team, followed by a technical foul penalty charged against the defensive player.